Wildlife in Orissa
Balukhand Sanctuary, covering an area of 72 square kilometers, this sanctuary was established in 1984 to protect the shoreline nesting sites of olive ridley and green sea turtles. There are various groups of black buck existing on land. The best time for a visit is between October to May. The nearest railway station is at Puri situated at a distance of about 10 kilometers. The nearest airport at Bhubaneswar is 70 kilometers from here. There are eight forest rest houses for the facility of night accommodation. For booking and reservation the Divisional Forest Officer, Puri Forest Division, P.O. Khurda, District Puri may be contacted.
Chilika sanctuary, situated on the lap of the Bay of Bengal, about 100 kilometers from Bhubaneswar. A narrow isthmus separates Chilika from the Bay of Bengal. The lagoon covering an area of about 900 square kilometers was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1973. It is the extensive bird life that has made it a global name. With the advent of winter, a large number of migratory birds take shelter in this lagoon from distant places like Manchuria and Siberia.
The entire stretch of water is fully covered by the colony of birds. The bird species includes pochard, teal, shoveled, mallard, grey heron, pelican, and darter. Boats are available on hire for cruising in the lagoon and to enjoy the bird life. The first birds fly in around November. A flock of water birds are engaged in perfect formation trailing their little arrows across the sky, the beat of their wings alive and powerful in the silence of space.
The best time to visit this sanctuary is from December to March. There are forest and tourist lodges on the banks of Chilika sanctuary situated at Barkul, Rambha and Balugaon. For reservations at the rest houses and entry to the sanctuary one should contact the Divisional Forest Officer, Chilika Sanctuary. Chital and black buck are found on the scrubby shoreline of this sanctuary. Dolphins re occasionally sighted near the mouth of the lagoon. Orissa is singularly fortunate for this salt-water lake as it fosters a wide range of aquatic plants and microscopic life essential to the maintenance of the environment. Bhubaneswar, the nearest airport, is situated about 100 kilometers away.
Bhitar Kanika Sanctuary is a marine sanctuary, established in 1975 in the estuary of Brahmani River and covering an area of 650 square kilometers. Situated at a distance of about 35 kilometers from Chandbali, Bhitar Kanika Sanctuary is situated around Baitarani River.
The forest type of Bhitar Kanika is one of mangrove like the Sunderbans of West Bengal. The nearest railway station from the sanctuary is Bhadrak, about 77 kilometers away. The nearest town of Chandbali is situated about 35 kilometers from the sanctuary and the nearest airport at Bhubaneswar at a distance of about 200 kilometers. To reach Bhitar Kanika one has to take a watercraft from Chandbali.
There is a regular ferry service fro Chandbali to Dangmal. At Dangmal there is a Forest Rest House where one can get night accommodation. Just the side of Dangmal situates the sanctuary. A crocodile project was established at Dangmal where there is a rare white variety of crocodile. The mangrove forests of Bhitar Kanika includes floral species like sundari, been and excaecaria, and faunal species like spotted deer, sambar, wild pig, leopard and porcupine. After crossing Bhitar Kanika, there is another marine sanctuary called the Gahirmatta Sanctuary.
The best time to visit Bhitar Kanika and Gahirmatta is from October to March as the pre-monsoon showers set in during April, making the journey hazardous and risky. For reservations at forest rest houses and prior permission to visit the wildlife sanctuaries, the Divisional Forest officer at Chandbali needs to be approached.