Arunachal Pradesh is a region administered by India as a state. It is part of what are called the Seven Sister States of the Northeast of India. Arunachal Pradesh borders the state of Assam to the south and Nagaland to the south east. Myanmar lies to the east of the state, Bhutan to the west, while the McMahon Line separates it from the zone of control of the People’s Republic of China to the north. Itanagar is the capital of the state.

Arunachal Pradesh is one of two main disputed regions between India and China, the other being Aksai Chin: the People’s Republic of China does not recognize the state of Arunachal Pradesh, nor the McMahon Line, which it regards as an illegal line of occupation.

Instead, China calls the area South Tibet , and splits the area nominally among six border counties of Tibet Autonomous Region: (from west to east) Cona, Lhunzê, Nang, Mainling, Mêdog, and Zayu. At the same time, both the PRC and India have defined a Line of Actual Control, and it is widely believed that this dispute is not likely to result in actual hostilities.